Progressive chicken development regarding USSR are development into the foundation regarding commercial innovation as well as 2-means expertise, we.age. eggs and you may chicken manufacturing.
Throughout the socialized industry the typical annual egg produce regarding hens enhanced regarding 130 inside the 1964 in order to 226 in 1984. In the same months the complete eggs design grew away from 30 to 73 thousand million. Quantities of breeding chickens was 230 912 000 inside 1980 while the facing 174 758 100 for the 1975 – a growth of 29%.
For egg production very birds is actually three- or four-line crosses centered on brought in grandparental lines of your after the: Razor – 288, 292, 444, Evribreed -Highsex White, Highsex Brownish although some. Into the exact same day the newest quantities of eggs-form of Russian White birds reduced – they certainly were 6.8-fold less in 1980 in contrast to 1975.
thirteen. Residential FOWL
To have meats development the prevailing brings is the four-line crosses Broiler-six and you will Broiler-compact-8 which have been designed off Dutch lines of the Evribreed agency. This new real time lbs of eight-week-old broilers try step 1.seven kg, with dos.8 kilogram regarding provide getting consumed each kilogram off acquire.
Total fowl meat creation are dos.2 mil tonnes in 1984, we.age. 3 x to inside 1965 (700 one hundred thousand t). Meals Program of your USSR envisages production of step three.4-step 3.six m t regarding fowl meats inside 1990. Special attention is paid off towards reassurance off fowl breeding toward private plots of land regarding collective growers.
Although not, industrialization from poultry reproduction have resulted in a serious losing exactly how many types. Nearly all of them have lost the effective well worth and tend to be maintained only because an inherited financing inside research centers by amateur breeders.
That it part makes reference to your neighborhood, old and you can new breeds and populations in the Soviet Union (find Desk thirteen.1). The majority of them are twin-objective breeds that have a decreased efficiency that are not employed by this new chicken world. However, they enjoys of many worthwhile physical properties – resistance to problem and you may evident transform away from environment temperature; large reproductive rates below industrial standards; highest meats palatability.
The brand new outlines which are popular regarding chicken community improperly you prefer genetic range regarding a lot more than qualities. Based on regional and you may uncommon communities regarding Soviet Relationship the latest breed teams and extremely productive traces and crosses is are developed which are adapted toward type of climatic areas in the nation.
Eggs Types Prohibited-AND-SPECKLED LEGHORN (Polosato-pestraya leggorn)
The man-made society is lead during the 1976-84 from the Ail-Relationship Lookup Institute out-of Ranch Animal Breeding and you can Genetics by the crossing Light Leghorn guys of C distinctive line of mix Razor 288 and you may hens out of a fresh type of Black Speckled Australorps. The new genetics responsible for along with from Leghorn plumage – I, Sp, w – and their alleles inside Australorps – we, sp, W – were used due to the fact markers to help make genetic variety regarding the newest range.
The first specimens (n=30) out-of birds homozygous to have colour genes was produced in 1978 of the inter se reproduction out of white hybrids (F2) having step 3/cuatro out-of Leghorn heredity. That they had a noticable dosage effect of gene B on Leghorn sex chromosome. A man birds (BB spsp) got white plumage which have outlines from barring while the ladies chickens (B-spsp) have been barred-and-mottled which have white down.
In the 1st phase from breeding the fresh stock from Prohibited-and-Speckled Leghorns designated merely 200-250 head. The bulk of them was in fact heterozygotes (Ii Spsp and ii Spsp) (n=l 500) having yearly eggs production of 230 eggs weighing 56-57 g. This is with tight choice amongst females (50% intensity) to possess eggs pounds, conformation and you may maturity of men (alternatives intensity ten%) as crosses ranging from to ten contours. Among men birds part of the selection requirements have been conformation, lbs and you can top-notch eggs of their ladies moms and dads, and also to a much minimal the quantity the latest egg production of ladies moms and dads.